Rand (Topologie)

Boundary - dividing line between two areas or sets of points in a topological space; difference between the closure and the interior. Article “Rand (Topologie)” in German Wikipedia has 16.8 points for quality (as of July 1, 2026). The article contains 2 references and 8 sections.

This article has the best quality in English Wikipedia. Also, this article is the most popular in that (German) language version.

Since the creation of article “Rand (Topologie)”, its content was written by 40 registered users of German Wikipedia and edited by 460 registered Wikipedia users in all languages.

The article is cited 118 times in German Wikipedia and cited 1674 times in all languages.

The highest Authors Interest rank from 2001:

• Local (German): #22423 in May 2015
• Global: #19168 in December 2002

The highest popularity rank from 2008:

• Local (German): #61049 in May 2020
• Global: #133111 in March 2009

There are 26 language versions for this article in the WikiRank database (of the considered 55 Wikipedia language editions).

The quality and popularity assessment was based on Wikipédia dumps from July 1, 2026 (including revision history and pageviews for previous years).

The table below shows the language versions of the article with the highest quality.

#	Language	Quality grade	Quality score
1	English (en) Boundary (topology)		29.5576
2	Indonesian (id) Batas (topologi)		24.2277
3	Estonian (et) Raja (topoloogia)		23.8143
4	Finnish (fi) Reuna (topologia)		22.9839
5	Polish (pl) Brzeg (matematyka)		18.5064
6	German (de) Rand (Topologie)		16.8104
7	Catalan (ca) Frontera (topologia)		15.9627
8	Romanian (ro) Frontieră (topologie)		15.315
9	Czech (cs) Hranice množiny		14.5834
10	Japanese (ja) 境界 (位相空間論)		12.7682

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The following table shows the most popular language versions of the article.

The most popular language versions of the article "Rand (Topologie)" in all the time

#	Language	Popularity award	Relative popularity
1	English (en) Boundary (topology)		961 117
2	German (de) Rand (Topologie)		192 509
3	Polish (pl) Brzeg (matematyka)		142 563
4	Spanish (es) Frontera (topología)		139 618
5	Italian (it) Frontiera (topologia)		136 891
6	French (fr) Frontière (topologie)		109 071
7	Russian (ru) Граница (топология)		74 537
8	Japanese (ja) 境界 (位相空間論)		70 500
9	Portuguese (pt) Fronteira (matemática)		43 192
10	Chinese (zh) 边界 (拓扑学)		40 361

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The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest popularity in the last month.

The most popular language versions of the article "Rand (Topologie)" in June 2026

#	Language	Popularity award	Relative popularity
1	English (en) Boundary (topology)		2 496
2	German (de) Rand (Topologie)		319
3	French (fr) Frontière (topologie)		226
4	Japanese (ja) 境界 (位相空間論)		188
5	Russian (ru) Граница (топология)		169
6	Chinese (zh) 边界 (拓扑学)		156
7	Italian (it) Frontiera (topologia)		130
8	Spanish (es) Frontera (topología)		123
9	Polish (pl) Brzeg (matematyka)		106
10	Korean (ko) 경계 (위상수학)		54

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The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest.

Language versions of the article "Rand (Topologie)" with the highest Authors Interest (number of authors). Only registered Wikipedia users were taken into account.

#	Language	AI award	Relative AI
1	English (en) Boundary (topology)		105
2	German (de) Rand (Topologie)		40
3	French (fr) Frontière (topologie)		37
4	Italian (it) Frontiera (topologia)		37
5	Polish (pl) Brzeg (matematyka)		34
6	Russian (ru) Граница (топология)		30
7	Hebrew (he) שפה (טופולוגיה)		22
8	Spanish (es) Frontera (topología)		18
9	Dutch (nl) Rand (topologie)		18
10	Portuguese (pt) Fronteira (matemática)		14

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The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest in the last month.

Language versions of the article "Rand (Topologie)" with the highest AI in June 2026

#	Language	AI award	Relative AI
1	French (fr) Frontière (topologie)		1
2	Hungarian (hu) Határ (matematika)		1
3	Japanese (ja) 境界 (位相空間論)		1
4	Chinese (zh) 边界 (拓扑学)		1
5	Catalan (ca) Frontera (topologia)		0
6	Czech (cs) Hranice množiny		0
7	German (de) Rand (Topologie)		0
8	English (en) Boundary (topology)		0
9	Esperanto (eo) Rando (topologio)		0
10	Spanish (es) Frontera (topología)		0

More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest number of citations.

Language versions of the article "Rand (Topologie)" with the highest Citation Index (CI)

#	Language	CI award	Relative CI
1	English (en) Boundary (topology)		245
2	Italian (it) Frontiera (topologia)		234
3	Polish (pl) Brzeg (matematyka)		172
4	German (de) Rand (Topologie)		118
5	French (fr) Frontière (topologie)		99
6	Romanian (ro) Frontieră (topologie)		93
7	Chinese (zh) 边界 (拓扑学)		92
8	Japanese (ja) 境界 (位相空間論)		90
9	Hebrew (he) שפה (טופולוגיה)		86
10	Spanish (es) Frontera (topología)		71

More...

#	Language	Value
ca	Catalan Frontera (topologia)
cs	Czech Hranice množiny
de	German Rand (Topologie)
en	English Boundary (topology)
eo	Esperanto Rando (topologio)
es	Spanish Frontera (topología)
et	Estonian Raja (topoloogia)
fa	Persian مرز (توپولوژی)
fi	Finnish Reuna (topologia)
fr	French Frontière (topologie)
he	Hebrew שפה (טופולוגיה)
hu	Hungarian Határ (matematika)
id	Indonesian Batas (topologi)
it	Italian Frontiera (topologia)
ja	Japanese 境界 (位相空間論)
ko	Korean 경계 (위상수학)
nl	Dutch Rand (topologie)
pl	Polish Brzeg (matematyka)
pt	Portuguese Fronteira (matemática)
ro	Romanian Frontieră (topologie)
ru	Russian Граница (топология)
sk	Slovak Hranica množiny
sv	Swedish Rand (topologi)
uk	Ukrainian Межа (топологія)
vi	Vietnamese Điểm biên
zh	Chinese 边界 (拓扑学)

Best Rank

German: #61049 05.2020

Global: #133111 03.2009

Best Rank

German: #22423 05.2015

Global: #19168 12.2002

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The WikiRank project is intended for automatic relative evaluation of the articles in the various language versions of Wikipedia. At the moment the service allows to compare over 50 million Wikipedia articles in 55 languages. Quality scores of articles are based on Wikipedia dumps from July, 2026. When calculating current popularity and AI of articles data from June 2026 was taken into account. For historical values of popularity and AI WikiRank used data from 2001 to 2026... More information